Meaning: This quote by Nancy Banks-Smith succinctly captures the essence of anthropology as a discipline. It highlights the fundamental premise of anthropology, which is the study of human societies and cultures. Anthropology seeks to understand the commonalities and differences among people across the globe, emphasizing both the universal aspects of human existence and the diversity that exists within and between societies.

Anthropology encompasses a broad range of subfields, including cultural anthropology, physical or biological anthropology, archaeology, and linguistic anthropology. Each of these subfields contributes to the understanding of human diversity and the ways in which people are similar or different from one another.

Cultural anthropology focuses on the study of contemporary human cultures and societies. It examines the customs, beliefs, social organizations, and practices of diverse groups of people around the world. Cultural anthropologists seek to understand the shared values and norms that unite human communities, as well as the unique cultural expressions and behaviors that distinguish one group from another. Through ethnographic research and participant observation, cultural anthropologists delve into the intricacies of human life, shedding light on the commonalities and variations in human experiences.

Physical or biological anthropology, on the other hand, investigates the biological and genetic aspects of humanity. This subfield explores the evolutionary history of humans, the study of human variation and adaptation, and the biological determinants of human behavior. Physical anthropologists examine the genetic, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of human populations, seeking to comprehend the fundamental traits that all humans share while also recognizing the genetic and physical diversity that exists among different groups.

Archaeology, another integral subfield of anthropology, focuses on the study of past human societies through the analysis of material remains. Archaeologists uncover and analyze artifacts, structures, and other physical traces of ancient cultures, providing insights into the ways in which past human communities lived, interacted, and evolved. By studying the material culture left behind by earlier civilizations, archaeologists contribute to our understanding of the commonalities and differences in human history and the development of human societies.

Linguistic anthropology explores the diversity of human languages and communication systems. This subfield investigates the ways in which language shapes human thought, social interactions, and cultural practices. Linguistic anthropologists study the structures, histories, and social uses of languages, shedding light on the universal features of language as well as the distinct linguistic patterns and practices found in different societies.

In essence, anthropology serves as a bridge between the universal and the particular, offering a framework for understanding the common humanity that unites people across the globe while also recognizing the rich tapestry of diversity that characterizes human societies. Through its diverse subfields and methodologies, anthropology provides a holistic and comparative approach to the study of human existence, emphasizing both the unity and the diversity of human experiences. Nancy Banks-Smith's quote encapsulates this central tenet of anthropology, reminding us that while people may share many commonalities, it is also crucial to recognize and appreciate the unique aspects that make each human society and culture distinct.