Meaning: The quote you provided is attributed to Trofim Lysenko, a Soviet biologist and agronomist who was known for his controversial theories and influence on Soviet science during the mid-20th century. In this quote, Lysenko is commenting on the impact of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution on the field of biology, particularly in relation to the prevailing philosophical and ideological perspectives of the time.

Lysenko's statement reflects the tension and conflict that emerged within the scientific community when Darwin's theory of evolution was first introduced. The "scientific, materialist core" of Darwin's teaching refers to the empirical and naturalistic approach that underpinned his theory of natural selection and the evolution of species. Darwin's work presented a radical departure from the prevailing religious and idealistic views that had dominated the study of living organisms for centuries.

The term "idealism" in this context refers to the philosophical perspective that emphasizes the primacy of ideas, consciousness, and the mind in shaping reality. In the realm of biology, idealism often manifested as the belief in a purposeful and teleological explanation for the diversity of life on Earth, often rooted in religious or metaphysical frameworks. Darwin's theory, with its emphasis on natural selection and adaptation driven by environmental pressures, posed a direct challenge to these idealistic perspectives.

Lysenko's characterization of Darwin's teaching as "antagonistic to the idealism that reigned in biology" highlights the profound philosophical and ideological clash that occurred as evolutionary theory gained prominence. The acceptance of Darwin's ideas required a fundamental shift in the way living organisms and their diversity were understood, challenging deeply ingrained beliefs about the nature of life and its origins.

Lysenko himself was a controversial figure in the history of science, known for his rejection of Mendelian genetics and his promotion of Lamarckian inheritance, which posited that acquired traits could be passed on to offspring. His ideas gained favor in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin's regime, leading to the suppression of opposing views and the persecution of scientists who disagreed with Lysenko's theories.

In the context of Lysenko's own ideological and political influence, his commentary on Darwin's teaching can be seen as reflective of the broader struggle for dominance in shaping the direction of biological science. The quote captures the inherent tension between scientific inquiry and the entrenched philosophical and ideological paradigms that often resist change and challenge.

Despite the controversy and conflicts that surrounded the introduction of Darwin's theory, its scientific impact has been profound and enduring. Over time, the evidence supporting evolutionary theory has continued to accumulate, providing a robust framework for understanding the diversity of life on Earth. While the philosophical and ideological debates may persist, the scientific merit of Darwin's teaching has solidified its place as a foundational concept in the field of biology.

In conclusion, Lysenko's quote encapsulates the clash between scientific materialism and prevailing idealism in the context of Darwin's theory of evolution. It reflects the profound impact of Darwin's ideas on the philosophical and ideological landscape of biology, as well as the enduring struggle for scientific progress in the face of entrenched beliefs and resistance to change. Despite the controversies and challenges it has faced, Darwin's teaching has left an indelible mark on our understanding of the natural world and continues to shape the course of biological inquiry.