Meaning: This quote by W. Somerset Maugham, a British playwright, novelist, and short-story writer, reflects on the portrayal of characters in novels. Maugham suggests that in the past, novelists had a simpler, more straightforward approach to character development. He contrasts this approach with a more nuanced and complex portrayal of characters. The quote captures the evolving nature of character representation in literature and the shifting perceptions of morality.

In the earlier works of literature, characters were often depicted in a more black-and-white manner. The heroes were inherently good, with unwavering morals and virtues, while the villains were portrayed as entirely malevolent and devoid of redeeming qualities. This dichotomous portrayal of characters served to create clear distinctions between good and evil, making it easier for readers to identify with and root for the protagonists while despising the antagonists.

Maugham's observation highlights a shift in literary conventions, suggesting that contemporary writers face the challenge of presenting characters with greater depth and complexity. Instead of adhering to the traditional archetypes of purely virtuous heroes and irredeemable villains, modern novelists explore the intricate moral and psychological dimensions of their characters. This trend reflects a more realistic and relatable representation of human nature, acknowledging the inherent complexities and contradictions within individuals.

The evolution of character portrayal in literature can be attributed to various factors, including changes in societal values, cultural shifts, and advancements in psychological understanding. As society becomes more attuned to the nuances of human behavior and morality, literature has adapted to reflect these complexities. Readers now seek characters who are multifaceted, flawed, and capable of growth, mirroring the intricacies of real-life individuals.

Contemporary novels often feature protagonists who grapple with moral dilemmas, internal conflicts, and moral ambiguity. These characters are not confined to rigid moral categories but instead navigate the gray areas of morality, making decisions that are not always clear-cut. Similarly, modern villains are often imbued with depth and backstory, offering insights into the circumstances that may have shaped their malevolent actions. This approach humanizes the antagonists, challenging readers to empathize with their complexities and motivations.

Maugham's quote serves as a poignant reflection on the evolving nature of character portrayal in literature. It underscores the departure from simplistic, one-dimensional characters toward a more nuanced and psychologically rich representation of human nature. As readers embrace the multidimensional characters in contemporary literature, they are invited to contemplate the intricacies of morality, empathy, and the inherent contradictions within individuals. This evolution in character portrayal enriches the literary landscape, offering a more profound and empathetic understanding of the human experience.