Meaning: The quote by Nursultan Nazarbayev, a prominent Kazakh politician, reflects on the historical and societal context of governance and the rule of law. In this quote, Nazarbayev highlights the prevalence of arbitrary rule by individuals rather than the adherence to established legal frameworks. The implications of this statement resonate throughout history and contemporary society, shedding light on the challenges and consequences of living in a society where the rule of law is not upheld.

Throughout history, societies have experienced various forms of governance, ranging from autocratic rule to democratic systems. In many instances, the absence of a legal state has led to the concentration of power in the hands of individuals or ruling elites. This concentration of power often results in the arbitrary application of laws and regulations, leading to inequality, injustice, and the erosion of individual rights.

Nazarbayev's assertion about living in a society where not laws but people ruled underscores the fundamental importance of the rule of law. The rule of law represents the principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to laws that are fairly applied and enforced. When the rule of law is absent, individuals and groups may wield unchecked power, leading to corruption, oppression, and the disregard for basic human rights.

In the absence of a legal state, the potential for abuse of power and the lack of accountability become pervasive. This can result in the suppression of dissent, the stifling of political opposition, and the perpetuation of systemic injustices. Furthermore, the absence of a legal state can hinder economic development, as businesses and individuals may face uncertainty and insecurity in their transactions and interactions.

Nazarbayev's quote also invites contemplation on the historical and contemporary contexts in which the rule of law has been undermined. Throughout history, numerous societies have experienced periods of authoritarian rule, where the enforcement of laws served the interests of the ruling elite rather than promoting justice and equality for all members of society.

In contemporary times, the challenges of upholding the rule of law persist in various parts of the world. Issues such as government corruption, political repression, and the unequal application of laws continue to threaten the integrity of legal systems and the rights of individuals. In such contexts, the absence of a legal state perpetuates a climate of impunity, where those in power are not held accountable for their actions.

Addressing the absence of a legal state and promoting the rule of law requires concerted efforts from both governmental and non-governmental actors. Establishing transparent and impartial legal systems, promoting judicial independence, and combating corruption are essential steps in upholding the rule of law. Additionally, fostering a culture of respect for human rights and civil liberties is crucial in ensuring that the legal state is upheld and protected.

In conclusion, Nursultan Nazarbayev's quote provides a thought-provoking insight into the historical and contemporary challenges associated with living in a society where the rule of law is not upheld. The absence of a legal state can have far-reaching implications for the rights and well-being of individuals, as well as for the overall stability and progress of a society. By recognizing the importance of upholding the rule of law, societies can strive towards creating a more just, equitable, and accountable governance framework.