Meaning: The quote "Why must we be eternally on our knees before the Kants and Hugos?" is a thought-provoking statement made by José Clemente Orozco, a renowned Mexican painter and muralist. Born in 1883, Orozco was a prominent figure in the Mexican muralism movement, which sought to use large-scale murals to depict social and political messages. As an artist who was deeply engaged with the social and political issues of his time, Orozco's quote reflects his skepticism towards the unquestioning reverence given to certain intellectual and cultural figures.

Orozco's statement can be interpreted as a challenge to the traditional canon of Western philosophy and literature, which often elevates figures like Immanuel Kant and Victor Hugo to the status of intellectual giants. By questioning the need to constantly defer to these figures, Orozco seems to be advocating for a more critical and independent approach to knowledge and culture.

In the context of Orozco's own work as an artist, this quote may also be seen as a rejection of the idea that artistic or intellectual authority should be concentrated in the hands of a select few. Orozco's murals often depicted the struggles of the working class and the injustices of political power, and his art was deeply rooted in the belief that the voices and experiences of ordinary people deserved to be elevated and celebrated.

Furthermore, Orozco's skepticism towards unquestioning reverence for intellectual and cultural figures can also be understood within the broader context of Mexican history and politics. During Orozco's lifetime, Mexico was undergoing significant social and political upheaval, including the Mexican Revolution and its aftermath. In this environment, Orozco's questioning of established authority figures can be seen as a reflection of the broader spirit of questioning and challenging traditional power structures that was prevalent in Mexican society at the time.

In a more universal sense, Orozco's quote can be seen as a call for critical thinking and a rejection of blind deference to authority. It encourages individuals to engage with ideas and culture in a way that is thoughtful, independent, and open to questioning established norms and beliefs. This perspective aligns with Orozco's own commitment to using art as a tool for social and political critique, and his belief in the power of art to inspire critical thinking and social change.

Overall, José Clemente Orozco's quote "Why must we be eternally on our knees before the Kants and Hugos?" encapsulates his skepticism towards uncritical reverence for established intellectual and cultural figures. It reflects his commitment to challenging traditional power structures, elevating the voices of ordinary people, and advocating for independent and critical engagement with knowledge and culture. As a key figure in the Mexican muralism movement and a passionate advocate for social justice, Orozco's perspective continues to resonate as a powerful call for critical thinking and a rejection of blind deference to authority.