Meaning: The quote by Carroll Quigley addresses the nature of civil service reform in the United States during the late 19th century. Quigley, a renowned historian and writer, suggests that business interests played a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of civil service reform, with the expectation that they would be able to exert control over both political parties equally.

During the late 19th century, the United States underwent significant transformations in its political and economic landscape. The country was experiencing rapid industrialization and the rise of large corporations, leading to an increasing influence of business interests in politics. This period also witnessed the emergence of a civil service system that was often viewed as inefficient, corrupt, and subject to political patronage.

In response to these challenges, the push for civil service reform gained momentum, culminating in the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act in 1883. This landmark legislation aimed to professionalize the civil service by implementing a merit-based system of hiring and promotion, thereby reducing the influence of political patronage and ensuring a more qualified and impartial government workforce.

Quigley's assertion that business interests anticipated controlling both political parties equally through civil service reform reflects the complex dynamics of power and influence in American politics during that era. The business community recognized the importance of a competent and predictable civil service in facilitating their economic interests. By advocating for reform, they sought to establish a system that would serve their needs while maintaining a balance of power between the major political parties.

The notion of controlling both parties equally suggests a strategic approach by business interests to ensure that their influence transcended partisan politics. This aligns with the broader trend of corporate influence in shaping public policy and governance, a phenomenon that continues to be relevant in contemporary political discourse.

Moreover, Quigley's perspective sheds light on the interconnectedness of economic and political forces in driving institutional change. The business community's support for civil service reform underscores the interplay between economic interests and legislative initiatives, highlighting the multifaceted nature of policymaking in a democratic society.

It is important to note that Quigley's observation invites critical reflection on the motivations and implications of civil service reform. While the reform efforts of the late 19th century sought to address systemic issues within the civil service, they also reflected the influence of powerful stakeholders seeking to shape the administrative apparatus of the government to their advantage.

In summary, Carroll Quigley's quote captures the interplay of business interests, political dynamics, and institutional reform during the late 19th century in the United States. His insight offers a thought-provoking lens through which to examine the complex relationships between economic power and governance, as well as the enduring relevance of these dynamics in shaping the evolution of public administration and policy.