Meaning: The quote "To this day the Arab influence is evident in southern Italy, northern Africa and, above all, in Spain" by Carroll Quigley reflects the lasting impact of Arab culture and civilization on these regions. Carroll Quigley was an esteemed historian and writer known for his work on world history and civilizations. In this quote, he highlights the enduring influence of the Arab world on the cultural, architectural, and societal aspects of southern Italy, northern Africa, and Spain.

The Arab influence in southern Italy, northern Africa, and Spain can be traced back to the medieval period when these regions were under the rule of various Islamic dynasties. During this time, the Arab world was a center of learning, trade, and innovation, and its influence extended far beyond its geographical boundaries. One of the most notable legacies of this influence is the impact on architecture and urban planning. The distinctive architectural styles, such as the use of intricate geometric patterns and ornate designs, bear witness to the Arab influence in the region.

In southern Italy, the Arab influence is particularly evident in the architecture of cities such as Palermo and Syracuse. The use of decorative motifs, arches, and domes in buildings reflects the fusion of Arab and local Italian styles. Furthermore, the Arab influence can also be seen in the agricultural practices and culinary traditions of southern Italy. The introduction of new crops, irrigation techniques, and culinary ingredients by the Arabs significantly enriched the local cuisine and agricultural landscape.

Moving to northern Africa, the Arab influence is deeply ingrained in the cultural and societal fabric of countries such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The impact of Arab civilization is visible in the language, religion, art, and music of these regions. The melding of Arab, Berber, and indigenous African cultures has resulted in a rich and diverse tapestry of traditions and customs. Additionally, the urban centers of northern Africa showcase the architectural legacy of Arab rule, with mosques, palaces, and medinas serving as enduring symbols of this heritage.

Spain, however, stands out as a prime example of the profound and lasting Arab influence. The period of Islamic rule in Spain, known as Al-Andalus, left an indelible mark on the country's history and identity. The cities of Cordoba, Seville, and Granada, in particular, exhibit a wealth of architectural marvels that reflect the fusion of Arab, Christian, and Jewish influences. The iconic Alhambra Palace in Granada, with its intricate stucco work, courtyards, and gardens, stands as a testament to the opulence and sophistication of Arab civilization in Spain.

Moreover, the Arab influence in Spain extended beyond architecture to encompass fields such as science, medicine, philosophy, and literature. The translation and preservation of classical Greek and Roman texts by Arab scholars in Spain played a pivotal role in the transmission of knowledge to the rest of Europe during the Middle Ages. This intellectual legacy laid the groundwork for the Renaissance and the subsequent cultural and scientific flourishing in Europe.

In conclusion, Carroll Quigley's quote encapsulates the enduring impact of Arab civilization on southern Italy, northern Africa, and Spain. The cultural, architectural, and intellectual heritage left by the Arab world continues to shape the identity and landscape of these regions, serving as a testament to the interconnectedness of civilizations and the richness of cultural exchange throughout history.