Meaning: This quote by Thomas Reid, a prominent Scottish philosopher of the 18th century, addresses the nature of language and the innate distinctions found within it. Reid challenges the notion that language is purely arbitrary and asserts that there are inherent structures and distinctions in language that are rooted in the nature of human cognition and communication.

In this quote, Reid seems to be critiquing the attitude of those who dismiss the inherent distinctions found in language as mere conventions with no basis in reality. He suggests that such an approach is overly skeptical and disregards the common sense understanding of language that is shared by humanity.

Reid's perspective on language is deeply rooted in his broader philosophical framework, particularly his views on epistemology and perception. As a proponent of common sense philosophy, Reid emphasized the importance of recognizing the fundamental beliefs and intuitions that are universally held by human beings. In the case of language, he seems to be arguing that the distinctions and structures found within it are not merely arbitrary constructs, but are grounded in the inherent nature of human cognition and communication.

From a linguistic standpoint, Reid's ideas resonate with the ongoing debate between proponents of linguistic universalism and linguistic relativity. The former posits that there are universal cognitive and grammatical structures that underpin all languages, while the latter suggests that language shapes and influences the way we perceive and think about the world. Reid's quote can be seen as aligning with the universalist perspective, as he emphasizes the foundational nature of linguistic distinctions across all languages.

Moreover, Reid's emphasis on the "common sense of mankind" reflects his belief in the importance of acknowledging and respecting the intuitive understanding shared by humans. He seems to be cautioning against dismissing widely held beliefs and intuitions without sufficient evidence or justification. This aligns with his broader philosophical project of defending common sense beliefs against skepticism and philosophical doubt.

In contemporary linguistic and philosophical discourse, Reid's quote can be seen as contributing to the ongoing dialogue about the nature of language and the relationship between language, thought, and reality. His emphasis on the foundational nature of linguistic distinctions invites reflection on the ways in which language both reflects and shapes our understanding of the world.

In conclusion, Thomas Reid's quote challenges the notion that distinctions found in language are purely arbitrary and without foundation in nature. His perspective reflects his broader philosophical commitments to common sense and the foundational nature of human cognition. By emphasizing the common sense understanding of language shared by mankind, Reid invites us to consider the inherent structures and distinctions that underpin language across cultures and societies. This quote serves as a thought-provoking contribution to the ongoing discourse surrounding language, cognition, and perception.