Meaning: This quote by J. Roberts highlights the stark contrast between the levels of literacy in ancient Rome and the Middle Ages. It underscores the significance of literacy in the dissemination and enforcement of laws and how the prevalence of literacy can shape the governance and society of a civilization.

During the time of the Romans, the ability to post laws in public places assumed a certain level of literacy among the populace. This indicates that a significant portion of the population was able to read and comprehend the laws that governed their lives. The act of publicly displaying laws also suggests a degree of transparency and accessibility in the legal system, as it allowed citizens to be informed about the laws that governed their conduct and rights.

The confidence of the Romans in posting their laws publicly reflects a society where literacy was valued and widespread. It also speaks to the level of organization and centralization of power that enabled such dissemination of legal information. The ability to read and understand laws empowered individuals to participate in civic life, understand their rights and obligations, and hold authorities accountable.

In stark contrast, the quote points out that even far into the Middle Ages, many kings remained illiterate. This is a striking illustration of the disparity in literacy between the ruling elite and the general population during that period. The implication is that the ability to read and write was not universally accessible or valued, and this had profound implications for governance, administration of justice, and social dynamics.

The prevalence of illiteracy among medieval rulers raises questions about how laws and edicts were communicated and enforced. It suggests a reliance on oral transmission, intermediaries, and personal interpretation of laws, which could lead to inconsistencies and inequalities in their application. Additionally, the illiteracy of rulers may have contributed to a lack of transparency and accountability in the legal and governance systems of the time.

The quote by J. Roberts serves as a reminder of the critical role of literacy in shaping legal and political systems. It underscores how the ability to read and write is fundamental to the functioning of a just and equitable society. In the context of governance, literacy enables citizens to be informed participants in the legal and political processes, fostering transparency, accountability, and the protection of rights.

Moreover, the quote prompts us to consider the broader implications of literacy on the development and progress of civilizations. It highlights the relationship between literacy, access to information, and the distribution of power within a society. The stark contrast between the literate Roman populace and the illiterate medieval rulers sheds light on the complex interplay between education, governance, and social dynamics.

In conclusion, the quote by J. Roberts encapsulates the profound significance of literacy in the dissemination and enforcement of laws. It draws attention to the pivotal role of literacy in shaping governance, civic participation, and the equitable application of laws. By juxtaposing the literacy levels of the Romans and the medieval kings, the quote prompts us to reflect on the enduring impact of literacy on the evolution of societies and their legal systems.