Meaning: The quote by Elihu Root, a lawyer and statesman who served as Secretary of War and Secretary of State of the United States, touches upon the evolving societal attitudes towards human life and the seriousness with which the taking of it is viewed. Root's words highlight the shift in perspective and values over time, particularly in relation to the sanctity of human life and the gravity of actions that result in its loss.

Root's observation about the heightened esteem for human life reflects a broader trend in human history. Throughout centuries, societies have undergone significant changes in their moral and ethical frameworks, leading to a reevaluation of the value placed on human life. In many traditional and ancient societies, the loss of life was often regarded with less gravity, particularly in the context of private quarrels or judicial procedures. Retribution, vengeance, and even capital punishment were commonly accepted practices, reflecting a different set of values and norms.

However, as societies have progressed and evolved, there has been a noticeable shift towards a more profound reverence for human life. This shift is influenced by various factors, including the development of philosophical and ethical systems, the rise of organized religions with teachings on compassion and non-violence, and the establishment of legal and judicial systems aimed at protecting the rights and dignity of individuals. As a result, the taking of human life, whether through private conflict or as a result of legal proceedings, is now regarded with a significantly greater degree of seriousness and moral scrutiny.

In contemporary societies, the sanctity of human life is enshrined in various legal and ethical frameworks. The right to life is often considered a fundamental human right, protected by national and international laws and conventions. The moral and legal prohibitions against murder, manslaughter, and other forms of unlawful killing underscore the value placed on human life and the societal consensus on its inviolability.

From a judicial perspective, the quote also alludes to the evolving nature of legal systems and their treatment of homicide. In many historical contexts, the dispensation of justice in cases of homicide or violent acts varied widely, often influenced by factors such as social status, wealth, and power. However, over time, legal systems have undergone reforms to ensure greater equity and fairness in the treatment of such cases. The establishment of due process, the presumption of innocence, and the emphasis on proportionate punishment reflect a heightened seriousness in addressing the taking of human life through judicial procedures.

Root's quote serves as a reminder of the ongoing evolution of societal values and norms, particularly concerning the sanctity of human life. It prompts reflection on the progress made in recognizing and upholding the value of every individual's life, as well as the continued need for vigilance in safeguarding this fundamental principle. In essence, the quote encapsulates a broader narrative of human civilization's moral and ethical advancement, as well as the enduring imperative to uphold the sanctity of life in all its forms.

In conclusion, Elihu Root's quote encapsulates the transformation in societal attitudes towards human life, emphasizing the contemporary esteem placed on it and the increased seriousness with which its taking is viewed. This shift reflects a broader evolution in moral, ethical, and legal frameworks, signaling a greater reverence for the sanctity of life and a heightened commitment to justice and human rights. As societies continue to progress, Root's words serve as a poignant reminder of the imperative to uphold the value of human life and the ongoing journey towards a more just and compassionate world.