Meaning: The quote by John Bernal, a renowned scientist, addresses the challenges and potential risks associated with conducting large-scale, planned, and directed research. Bernal highlights the dilemma faced by scientists when embarking on extensive research endeavors that require the collaboration of numerous workers over an extended period. In essence, he raises concerns about the potential compromise of independence and originality in scientific pursuits when such ambitious projects are undertaken.

Bernal's assertion that "we shall be forced to attempt planned and directed research employing hundreds of workers for many years" underscores the increasing complexity and scale of contemporary scientific investigations. As scientific inquiry has advanced, particularly in fields such as physics, biology, and environmental science, the need for large-scale research efforts involving numerous personnel has become more prevalent. This trend is driven by the intricate nature of modern scientific questions, which often require extensive data collection, analysis, and experimentation.

The notion that such extensive research endeavors "cannot be done without risking the loss of independence and originality" reflects Bernal's recognition of the potential drawbacks associated with collaborative and prolonged research projects. Independence and originality are fundamental tenets of scientific exploration, as they enable researchers to pursue novel ideas and unconventional paths of inquiry. When a large team is involved in a research project over an extended duration, there is a risk that the individual creativity and autonomy of scientists may be subordinated to the collective objectives and methodologies of the group.

Bernal's assessment of the situation as a "serious and fundamental obstacle" underscores the gravity of the challenges posed by large-scale, directed research. The potential compromises to independence and originality are not trivial concerns but are instead fundamental to the integrity and vigor of scientific inquiry. The preservation of these qualities is essential for fostering innovation and breakthrough discoveries in the scientific community.

Despite the daunting nature of the obstacles outlined by Bernal, he also suggests that they "may be overcome in two ways." This acknowledgment of potential solutions reflects his optimism and belief in the resilience of scientific endeavor. Bernal's recognition of the need to address these challenges signifies his commitment to advancing scientific research while upholding the principles of independence and originality.

The quote encapsulates the tension between the necessity of large-scale, coordinated research efforts and the imperative to preserve the intellectual freedom and ingenuity of individual scientists. Bernal's insights remain relevant today as the scientific community continues to grapple with the complexities of collaborative research and the preservation of intellectual independence.

In conclusion, John Bernal's quote serves as a thought-provoking commentary on the challenges and risks associated with extensive, coordinated research endeavors in the scientific domain. His recognition of the potential trade-offs between collaboration and individual creativity underscores the nuanced nature of contemporary scientific exploration. By acknowledging these challenges and proposing potential avenues for overcoming them, Bernal's quote prompts reflection on the evolving landscape of scientific research and the fundamental principles that underpin it.