Meaning: This quote by Ignazio Silone, the Italian author and politician, highlights the ideological and political struggle that emerged within the Communist movement during the 20th century. Born Secondino Tranquilli, Silone was a prominent figure in the anti-fascist and socialist movements in Italy. His experiences within the Communist Party and subsequent disillusionment with its leadership and tactics informed much of his literary and political work.

The quote suggests that the ultimate conflict within the Communist movement will not be between Communists and their traditional adversaries, such as capitalists or imperialists, but rather between the Communists and those who were once part of the movement but have since turned away from it. This concept reflects the internal divisions and ideological conflicts that plagued Communist parties and movements worldwide.

One interpretation of this quote is that it refers to the internal power struggles and ideological rifts that developed within Communist parties as they grappled with the realities of governing, the shortcomings of their ideology, and the oppressive nature of the regimes they established. As former Communists became disillusioned with the movement, they often emerged as vocal critics of their erstwhile comrades, leading to intense conflicts within the broader Leftist political spectrum.

Silone himself was a prime example of an "ex-Communist" who became disenchanted with the direction of the Communist Party and its embrace of totalitarianism. He was expelled from the party in 1930 due to his anti-Stalinist stance and his criticism of the party leadership, particularly for their betrayal of socialist ideals. Silone's experiences and observations of the internal dynamics of the Communist movement undoubtedly informed his perspective on the potential for conflict between Communists and ex-Communists.

The quote also speaks to the broader historical context of the 20th century, during which the Communist movement experienced significant internal strife and division. The rise of Stalinism, the Soviet Union's influence on global Communist parties, and the subsequent disillusionment with the Soviet model of socialism led to ruptures and schisms within Communist movements worldwide. These internal conflicts often pitted orthodox Communists against dissenting voices who sought to reform or break away from the established party line.

Moreover, the quote can be interpreted as a commentary on the evolving nature of political ideologies and movements. Silone seems to suggest that the most profound and consequential conflicts are not always between opposing camps, but rather within the ranks of a movement itself. This internal struggle can be particularly intense and consequential, as it involves individuals who were once deeply committed to a cause but have since become its most vocal critics.

In conclusion, Ignazio Silone's quote encapsulates the complex and tumultuous history of the Communist movement in the 20th century. It speaks to the internal conflicts, ideological rifts, and personal disillusionment that characterized the experiences of many who were once part of the Communist movement. By highlighting the potential for conflict between Communists and ex-Communists, Silone offers a thought-provoking insight into the dynamics of political ideologies and the profound impact of internal dissent and disillusionment.