Meaning: The quote, "It will be said, however, that protection tends to destroy commerce, the civilizer of mankind. Directly the reverse, however, is the fact," by Henry Carey, an economist, addresses the debate surrounding protectionism in international trade. In this quote, Carey argues against the notion that protectionist policies hinder commerce and instead asserts that protectionism actually serves to enhance and promote commerce.

Henry Charles Carey (1793–1879) was an influential American economist and advocate of protectionist economic policies. His work focused on promoting economic nationalism and the protection of domestic industries through tariffs and other trade barriers. Carey's ideas were influential during the 19th century and continue to be cited in discussions about trade policy and economic development.

The quote reflects Carey's perspective on the relationship between protectionism and commerce. He challenges the commonly held belief that protectionist measures, such as tariffs and trade restrictions, are detrimental to commerce. Instead, Carey contends that protecting domestic industries through such measures is essential for fostering and advancing commerce. In his view, protectionism serves as a means of promoting economic development and supporting the growth of domestic industries.

Carey's argument aligns with the concept of "infant industry protection," which suggests that nurturing and protecting emerging industries in their early stages is crucial for their long-term success and competitiveness in the global market. By shielding these industries from foreign competition, protectionist policies can enable them to mature and become viable contributors to the economy, ultimately enhancing overall commerce.

Furthermore, Carey's assertion that protectionism is not antithetical to commerce emphasizes the idea that trade policies should prioritize the interests of the domestic economy and workforce. By safeguarding domestic industries from unfair competition and ensuring a level playing field, protectionist measures can contribute to the preservation and growth of commerce within a country.

It is important to note that Carey's views on protectionism were shaped by the economic and political context of his time, particularly the industrialization of the United States and the competition with established European industries. His advocacy for protectionism reflected a desire to strengthen the domestic economy and reduce reliance on foreign goods and technology.

In the contemporary context, the debate over protectionism continues to be a topic of significant discussion and disagreement among economists, policymakers, and international trade organizations. Critics of protectionism often argue that it distorts market efficiency, limits consumer choice, and can lead to retaliatory measures from trading partners, ultimately hindering global commerce.

On the other hand, proponents of protectionism, echoing Carey's sentiments, argue that it can be a strategic tool for addressing trade imbalances, protecting vital industries, and promoting economic self-sufficiency. They contend that in an increasingly interconnected and competitive global economy, safeguarding domestic industries through protectionist measures can be a legitimate means of supporting economic growth and stability.

In conclusion, Henry Carey's quote challenges the conventional wisdom that protectionism undermines commerce and offers a perspective that emphasizes the potential benefits of protecting domestic industries. While the debate over the merits of protectionism continues, Carey's ideas provide insight into the historical and ongoing discussions surrounding trade policy, economic development, and the balance between domestic and international commerce.