Meaning: The quote "That is to say, epic poetry has been invented many times and independently; but, as the needs which prompted the invention have been broadly similar, so the invention itself has been," is attributed to the English poet and scholar, C. M. Bowra. This quote encapsulates the idea that epic poetry is a universal form of literary expression that has emerged across various cultures and time periods in response to similar societal and cultural needs.

Epic poetry is a genre of literature that typically tells the story of a hero's adventures and achievements in a grand and elevated style. The origins of epic poetry can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as the Greeks, Romans, and Mesopotamians, where oral traditions played a significant role in preserving and transmitting these epic narratives. The quote suggests that the invention of epic poetry has occurred repeatedly and independently in different societies, indicating its enduring appeal and relevance across diverse cultures.

One of the key aspects of the quote is the notion that the needs which prompted the invention of epic poetry have been broadly similar. This implies that epic poetry serves fundamental human needs and addresses universal themes and concerns that transcend specific historical or cultural contexts. Throughout history, epic poetry has been utilized as a means of preserving cultural heritage, conveying moral and ethical values, and inspiring and uniting communities through shared narratives of heroism and adversity.

Furthermore, the quote highlights the idea that the invention of epic poetry itself has been similar across different cultures and time periods. This suggests that there are common characteristics and structural elements that define epic poetry, regardless of its specific cultural or linguistic manifestations. Epic poems often feature larger-than-life protagonists, epic quests or journeys, supernatural elements, and a grand narrative scope that encompasses the fundamental struggles and triumphs of humanity.

In examining the cultural and societal needs that have prompted the invention of epic poetry, it becomes evident that epic poems often emerge during periods of societal upheaval, political transformation, or cultural identity formation. These poetic works serve as repositories of collective memory and historical consciousness, offering a sense of continuity and identity in the face of change and uncertainty. Additionally, epic poetry has been employed as a tool for political and ideological expression, promoting certain values and ideals that resonate with the aspirations and aspirations of a particular society.

The enduring popularity and relevance of epic poetry can also be attributed to its ability to evoke powerful emotions and resonate with universal human experiences. Epic narratives often explore themes of heroism, sacrifice, love, betrayal, and the eternal struggle between good and evil. By capturing the complexities of the human condition, epic poetry transcends temporal and cultural boundaries, speaking to the timeless aspects of human existence.

In conclusion, the quote "That is to say, epic poetry has been invented many times and independently; but, as the needs which prompted the invention have been broadly similar, so the invention itself has been," encapsulates the universality and enduring significance of epic poetry as a literary form. Across diverse cultures and historical periods, epic poetry has emerged as a response to shared societal needs, offering timeless narratives that resonate with fundamental aspects of the human experience. This quote invites us to appreciate the remarkable continuity and adaptability of epic poetry as a cultural and artistic phenomenon.