Meaning: The quote "At the age of about eight years, if he is a boy, she turns him over to his father for more Spartan training" by Charles Eastman reflects the cultural and gender-based practices of Native American communities. Charles Eastman, also known as Ohiyesa, was a Santee Dakota physician, writer, and activist who lived from 1858 to 1939. As a prominent figure in Native American history, Eastman's writings often shed light on the traditions, customs, and values of his people, offering valuable insights into their way of life.

In this particular quote, Eastman is likely referring to the traditional roles and responsibilities within Native American families, specifically regarding the upbringing and education of children. The mention of "Spartan training" suggests a rigorous and disciplined approach to preparing young boys for the challenges they will face as they mature into adulthood.

The phrase "if he is a boy, she turns him over to his father" also alludes to the division of parenting duties based on gender within traditional Native American societies. While the mother is responsible for nurturing and caring for her child during the formative early years, there comes a time when the father assumes a more prominent role in guiding and shaping the boy's development.

This transition from maternal to paternal influence aligns with the cultural significance placed on gender roles and the passing down of knowledge and traditions from one generation to the next. It also reflects the interconnectedness of familial relationships and the importance of each parent's contribution to the upbringing of their children.

Furthermore, the reference to "Spartan training" implies a focus on physical and mental fortitude, discipline, and resilience. The term "Spartan" harkens back to the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta, known for its emphasis on military prowess, self-discipline, and rigorous training. By invoking this term, Eastman underscores the demanding nature of the education and preparation that young boys undergo as they transition into adolescence and young adulthood.

Eastman's choice of words also invites comparison between the practices of Native American communities and those of other cultures, highlighting the universal themes of rites of passage, parental guidance, and the shaping of young individuals into capable and responsible members of their society.

In conclusion, Charles Eastman's quote provides a glimpse into the traditional upbringing of children within Native American communities, emphasizing the roles of both parents in guiding their children's growth and development. The mention of "Spartan training" underscores the rigorous and disciplined approach to preparing young boys for the challenges of adulthood, while also shedding light on the cultural and gender-based practices that have shaped indigenous societies for generations. Through his words, Eastman offers valuable insights into the values, traditions, and familial dynamics of Native American life.