Meaning: This quote by Robert Fortune, a Scottish botanist and plant hunter, sheds light on the intricate process of selecting and cultivating plants, specifically trees, in the context of Chinese horticulture. Robert Fortune is known for his significant contributions to the understanding of Chinese gardening and horticulture, particularly during the 19th century.

In this quote, Fortune emphasizes the preference for stunted varieties of trees, particularly those with opposite or regular side branches, in Chinese horticultural practice. He underscores the significance of the symmetry and balance of trees, suggesting that a one-sided tree holds little value in the eyes of the Chinese.

The selection of stunted varieties of trees in Chinese horticulture reflects the aesthetic and cultural preferences of the society. Throughout history, Chinese garden and landscape design has been deeply influenced by Confucian, Taoist, and Buddhist philosophies, with an emphasis on harmony, balance, and symbolism. This is evident in the meticulous planning and arrangement of trees, plants, and other elements in Chinese gardens, where every aspect is carefully considered to create a sense of serenity and beauty.

The emphasis on opposite or regular side branches in tree selection aligns with the Chinese aesthetic principles of balance and symmetry. In traditional Chinese art and design, symmetry is highly valued, representing order, stability, and harmony. This preference is also reflected in the design of Chinese gardens, where the placement of trees and other elements is often carefully balanced to create a harmonious and visually pleasing environment.

Furthermore, the emphasis on stunted varieties of trees in the quote may also be linked to the practice of bonsai, which has its origins in China before spreading to Japan. Bonsai, the art of growing miniature trees in containers, emphasizes the cultivation of small, stunted trees that exhibit a sense of age, character, and balance. This art form requires meticulous care and attention to detail, reflecting the broader cultural appreciation for miniature and stunted trees in Chinese horticulture.

Robert Fortune's observations and insights into Chinese horticultural practices provide valuable historical and cultural context for understanding the significance of tree selection and cultivation in traditional Chinese gardens. The quote highlights the nuanced considerations and preferences that inform the cultivation of trees in Chinese horticulture, offering a glimpse into the deep-rooted cultural and aesthetic principles that have shaped Chinese garden design for centuries.

In conclusion, Robert Fortune's quote underscores the importance of stunted varieties with opposite or regular side branches in Chinese horticulture, shedding light on the cultural and aesthetic considerations that inform the selection and cultivation of trees in traditional Chinese gardens. This insight provides a valuable perspective on the intricate art of tree cultivation in the context of Chinese horticulture, offering a deeper understanding of the cultural and aesthetic principles that have shaped Chinese garden design throughout history.