Meaning: The quote refers to the practice of "dwarfing" in Chinese horticulture, which involves manipulating the growth of plants to make them appear much older and more mature than they actually are. This technique is often used to create miniature versions of trees and other plants, giving them the appearance of ancient and weathered specimens despite their small size.

In this context, the quote suggests that the Chinese have mastered the art of dwarfing to such an extent that they can take a young tree, only one and a half to two feet high, and imbue it with all the characteristics of a majestic and venerable cedar of Lebanon. The comparison to the cedar of Lebanon, known for its grandeur and longevity, underscores the skill and artistry involved in the Chinese practice of dwarfing.

Robert Fortune, the scientist credited with the quote, was a Scottish botanist and plant collector who traveled extensively in China during the 19th century. He is best known for his efforts to introduce tea plants from China to India, but his observations of Chinese horticultural practices also provide valuable insights into the art of dwarfing.

Dwarfing, or "bonsai" as it is commonly known in Japanese culture, has a long history in East Asia and has become an iconic aspect of traditional Chinese and Japanese gardening. The practice involves carefully pruning and training trees and shrubs to restrict their growth and create the appearance of aged, weathered specimens. This art form requires patience, skill, and a deep understanding of horticulture and the natural growth patterns of plants.

One of the key techniques used in dwarfing is selective pruning, which involves carefully trimming the roots and branches of the plant to control its growth. By restricting the plant's access to nutrients and space, horticulturalists can slow its growth and encourage the development of a compact, gnarled form that mimics the appearance of much older trees. Additionally, wiring and shaping techniques are used to guide the growth of the plant in specific directions and create the desired aesthetic effect.

The result of these meticulous techniques is a miniature tree or shrub that exudes an aura of ancient wisdom and natural beauty. Despite their small size, dwarfed plants can convey a sense of timelessness and grandeur, evoking the serene landscapes of traditional East Asian gardens.

The art of dwarfing holds significant cultural and spiritual significance in East Asia, where it is deeply intertwined with traditional beliefs and aesthetics. In addition to being prized for their beauty, dwarfed plants are often associated with harmony, balance, and the contemplation of nature. They are commonly featured in gardens, temples, and bonsai exhibitions, where they serve as symbols of tranquility and the interconnectedness of humanity and the natural world.

In conclusion, the quote by Robert Fortune captures the remarkable skill and artistry of Chinese horticulturalists in the practice of dwarfing. Through their mastery of this technique, they are able to transform young, diminutive plants into miniature marvels that embody the timeless grandeur of ancient trees. The art of dwarfing not only showcases the technical expertise of horticulturalists but also reflects the deep cultural and spiritual significance of this ancient tradition in East Asian gardening.