Meaning: This quote by Herman Gorter, a Dutch poet and socialist, touches upon the prevalence of small and medium-sized industry in various European countries, particularly in the context of the plight of poor peasants. Gorter was a prominent figure in the international socialist movement and was known for his advocacy of workers' rights and his critique of capitalism. The quote reflects his observations on the economic and social conditions of the time, shedding light on the predominance of small and medium-sized industry and its implications for the lives of the poor peasants in France, Switzerland, Belgium, Holland, and two of the Scandinavian countries.

Gorter's mention of "four or five million poor peasants in France" highlights the significant number of rural inhabitants who were living in poverty during the period he was addressing. France, with its long history of agriculture and rural life, was undergoing significant social and economic changes during Gorter's lifetime. The impact of industrialization and urbanization on the rural population, particularly the peasants, was a subject of concern for many social reformers and activists of the time. Gorter's reference to the plight of poor peasants in France serves as a reminder of the challenges faced by this demographic group in the midst of broader economic transformations.

The inclusion of Switzerland, Belgium, Holland, and two of the Scandinavian countries in Gorter's observation broadens the scope of his commentary to encompass a larger geographical area. These countries, like France, were marked by the prevalence of small and medium-sized industry, which played a significant role in their respective economies. Gorter's mention of these nations suggests that the economic structure characterized by small and medium-sized industry was a common feature across different European regions during the period he was addressing.

The emphasis on small and medium-sized industry in Gorter's quote is noteworthy, as it underscores the significance of these enterprises in shaping the economic landscape of the countries mentioned. Unlike large-scale industrial operations, small and medium-sized industries often have distinct characteristics, such as employing fewer workers, producing goods on a smaller scale, and often operating within local or regional markets. Gorter's recognition of the prevalence of such industries highlights their importance in the context of the broader economic and social fabric of the countries under discussion.

Gorter's perspective as a poet and socialist adds depth to his commentary on the economic conditions of the time. As a socialist, he was committed to advocating for the rights of workers and addressing the inequalities perpetuated by capitalist systems. His focus on the prevalence of small and medium-sized industry and its impact on the lives of poor peasants aligns with his broader concerns about social justice and economic equity. Through his observations, Gorter sheds light on the ways in which economic structures intersect with social inequalities, particularly in relation to the rural poor and the working class.

In conclusion, Herman Gorter's quote serves as a poignant reflection on the prevalence of small and medium-sized industry in several European countries and its implications for the lives of the poor peasants. His commentary provides insight into the economic realities of the time, highlighting the challenges faced by rural inhabitants and the broader significance of small and medium-sized enterprises in shaping the social and economic landscape. Gorter's perspective as a socialist poet adds a layer of social critique to his observations, making his quote a thought-provoking insight into the complexities of economic and social relations during his era.