Meaning: The quote by George Grey Leader describes a fascinating natural phenomenon known as the "mock sunset" or "false sunset," which occurs just at sunset in certain latitudes. This optical illusion creates the appearance of a second, less intense sunset on the eastern horizon shortly after the actual sunset in the west.

The mock sunset phenomenon is most commonly observed in higher latitudes, where the angle of the sun in relation to the horizon creates the conditions for this unique visual display. As the sun dips below the western horizon, its remaining light can be refracted and scattered by the Earth's atmosphere to create the illusion of a second, transient sunset in the opposite direction.

The scientific explanation for the mock sunset lies in the bending of light as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere. This bending, or refraction, is caused by the varying density of the atmosphere at different altitudes. When the sun is low on the horizon, its light is refracted and dispersed, creating the vivid colors and atmospheric effects that characterize both the genuine sunset and its mock counterpart.

In addition to the scientific explanation, there is also a poetic and evocative quality to the phenomenon described by Leader. The imagery of the eastern horizon being "brilliantly illuminated" with a mock sunset provides a sense of wonder and awe at the beauty and complexity of the natural world. The fleeting and transient nature of the phenomenon, with one mock sunset quickly followed by another, adds to its mystique and allure.

The mock sunset phenomenon has captured the attention of artists, poets, and scientists throughout history, inspiring creative works and scientific inquiry. It serves as a reminder of the intricate interplay between light, atmosphere, and perception, and the ways in which our understanding of the natural world is shaped by both empirical observation and emotional response.

In terms of practical significance, the mock sunset phenomenon also has implications for atmospheric optics and the study of light propagation in the atmosphere. By observing and studying the conditions under which mock sunsets occur, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of light in the Earth's atmosphere, as well as the factors that contribute to the visual appearance of celestial events.

Overall, the quote by George Grey Leader captures the intrigue and beauty of the mock sunset phenomenon, prompting reflection on the wonders of the natural world and the intersection of scientific understanding and aesthetic appreciation. It serves as a reminder of the many marvels that can be observed in the skies, and the ongoing quest to comprehend and appreciate the intricate mechanisms at play in our atmosphere.