Meaning: The quote "In the state of nature profit is the measure of right" is attributed to the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, who lived from 1588 to 1679. This quote is taken from his most famous work, "Leviathan," which was published in 1651. In this quote, Hobbes is expressing his view on human nature and the concept of morality within a state of nature, which refers to a hypothetical condition in which there is no government or social structure.

Hobbes's philosophy is often associated with the social contract theory, which explores the legitimacy of political authority and the rights and obligations of individuals within a society. According to Hobbes, in the state of nature, where there is no overarching authority to enforce rules or laws, individuals are driven by their own self-interest and the pursuit of personal gain. In this context, the concept of "profit" can be understood as any advantage or benefit that an individual seeks to obtain for themselves.

Hobbes's assertion that "profit is the measure of right" reflects his belief that in the absence of a governing authority, individuals in the state of nature are guided by their own self-interest, and their actions are ultimately determined by the pursuit of personal gain. This perspective contrasts with traditional moral theories that emphasize altruism, empathy, or adherence to ethical principles as the foundation of right action.

Hobbes's view on the state of nature and the role of profit as the measure of right has been the subject of much debate and interpretation. Some critics argue that Hobbes's portrayal of human nature as inherently self-interested and driven by the pursuit of profit is overly cynical and neglects the capacity for cooperation and moral behavior among individuals. Others contend that Hobbes's perspective reflects a realistic assessment of human behavior in the absence of external constraints and incentives.

It is important to note that Hobbes's philosophy was deeply influenced by the historical and political context in which he lived. The period of the English Civil War and the social upheaval that accompanied it shaped Hobbes's thinking on the nature of power, authority, and human behavior. His writings were a response to the turbulent and chaotic environment of his time, and his ideas were aimed at addressing the challenges of maintaining social order and stability.

Furthermore, the quote "In the state of nature profit is the measure of right" encapsulates Hobbes's broader political theory, in which he argues for the necessity of a strong central authority to prevent the state of nature from devolving into a "war of all against all." According to Hobbes, the establishment of a sovereign power is essential to regulate human conduct and prevent the destructive consequences of unrestrained self-interest and conflict.

In conclusion, Thomas Hobbes's quote "In the state of nature profit is the measure of right" reflects his perspective on human nature and morality in the absence of organized societal structures. It encapsulates his belief that individuals in the state of nature are primarily motivated by self-interest and the pursuit of personal gain. While Hobbes's views have been the subject of criticism and debate, they remain influential in shaping discussions about the nature of morality, political authority, and social order.