Meaning: The quote "Philosophy, most broadly viewed, is the critical survey of existence from the standpoint of value" by Sidney Hook encapsulates the essence of philosophy as a discipline that seeks to understand and evaluate the fundamental aspects of existence. Sidney Hook, an American philosopher, was known for his work in the areas of pragmatism and philosophy of education. His quote provides a concise yet profound insight into the nature and purpose of philosophy.

At its core, philosophy is concerned with examining the fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, reality, and values. It is a discipline that delves into the nature of truth, morality, and the human experience, seeking to uncover underlying principles and meanings. The critical survey of existence mentioned in the quote refers to the rigorous and systematic examination of the world and our place within it. This involves questioning assumptions, analyzing arguments, and exploring different perspectives in order to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of reality.

The phrase "from the standpoint of value" highlights the ethical and evaluative dimension of philosophy. In addition to understanding the nature of existence, philosophy also seeks to assess and prioritize values that guide human behavior and decision-making. This involves considering questions related to morality, justice, and the good life, and evaluating the principles and beliefs that shape our ethical framework. By examining existence from the standpoint of value, philosophy aims to provide insights into how we should live and what we should strive for as individuals and as a society.

Sidney Hook's quote underscores the broad and comprehensive scope of philosophy. It encompasses a wide range of inquiries, from metaphysics and epistemology to ethics and political philosophy. Through critical analysis and reflection, philosophers seek to uncover the underlying principles and assumptions that govern our understanding of the world and our place in it. This process of critical survey involves questioning established beliefs, engaging in intellectual inquiry, and striving to arrive at reasoned and well-founded conclusions about the nature of existence.

Furthermore, the quote suggests that philosophy is not merely an intellectual exercise, but a discipline with practical implications for human life. By examining existence from the standpoint of value, philosophy offers insights that are relevant to our understanding of ethics, politics, and the pursuit of a meaningful life. It provides a framework for addressing complex ethical dilemmas, understanding the nature of justice, and reflecting on the fundamental values that shape our individual and collective decisions.

In conclusion, Sidney Hook's quote succinctly captures the essence of philosophy as the critical survey of existence from the standpoint of value. It highlights the multifaceted nature of philosophical inquiry, encompassing both the rigorous examination of reality and the evaluative dimension of ethical and moral considerations. Philosophy, as portrayed in the quote, serves as a vital discipline that seeks to deepen our understanding of the world and provide guidance for navigating the complexities of human existence.