Meaning: The quote you have provided is attributed to Joseph Hume, a Scottish doctor and politician who played a significant role in advocating for social and political reform in 19th century Britain. The quote reflects Hume's concerns about the living conditions and nutrition of the working class in England during his time.

Hume's statement about the people of England being "only three-quarters fed" alludes to the widespread issue of food insecurity and inadequate nutrition among the population. This was a pressing concern during the Industrial Revolution, a period marked by rapid urbanization, industrialization, and socioeconomic changes. The expansion of factories and the growth of urban centers led to overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions for many people, particularly the working class.

The quote also touches on the relationship between the export of manufactured goods and the well-being of the population. Hume suggests that the improvement in the export of British manufactures would lead to the population being "entirely fed." This statement underscores the interconnectedness of economic policies, industrial production, and the welfare of the population. Hume's concern was likely driven by the prevailing economic conditions and the impact of industrialization on the living standards of the working people.

During the 19th century, Britain experienced a boom in industrial production and trade, which contributed to the growth of the national economy. However, the benefits of this economic growth were not equally distributed, and many workers faced low wages, long working hours, and poor living conditions. As a result, malnutrition and food insecurity were prevalent among the working class, leading to a range of health issues and social challenges.

Hume's advocacy for improved living standards and adequate nutrition for the people of England aligns with his broader efforts to address social inequalities and advocate for reforms. As a Member of Parliament, Hume was a vocal proponent of various social and political causes, including public health, education, and working conditions. He was known for his commitment to fiscal responsibility, transparency, and accountability in government expenditure, but he also championed humanitarian causes and sought to alleviate the hardships faced by the less privileged members of society.

In contextualizing Hume's quote, it is important to consider the broader historical and social factors that shaped the conditions of the time. The Industrial Revolution brought about profound changes in the structure of society, the economy, and the labor force, leading to both opportunities and challenges for the population. Hume's concerns about the nutritional status of the people of England reflect the broader social and economic disparities that characterized the era.

In conclusion, Joseph Hume's quote highlights the pressing issue of inadequate nutrition and food insecurity among the people of England during the 19th century. It underscores the complex interplay between industrialization, economic policies, and the well-being of the population. Hume's advocacy for improved living standards and access to adequate nutrition reflects his commitment to social reform and his recognition of the challenges faced by the working class during a period of rapid industrial and urban development.