Meaning: Henrik Ibsen, a renowned Norwegian playwright and poet, is known for his thought-provoking and often controversial works. The quote "Do not use that foreign word 'ideals.' We have that excellent native word 'lies.'" is a powerful and provocative statement that reflects Ibsen's cynicism towards the concept of ideals and his belief in the prevalence of deceit and falsehood in human society.

In this quote, Ibsen challenges the notion of ideals by suggesting that they are synonymous with lies. By referring to ideals as a "foreign word," he implies that they are not inherent to human nature or culture, but rather a borrowed concept that is disconnected from reality. Instead, he proposes the use of the word "lies," which he humorously describes as an "excellent native word," suggesting that deceit and dishonesty are more familiar and ingrained in human experience than lofty ideals.

Ibsen's skepticism towards ideals can be understood in the context of his works, many of which explore the complexities and contradictions of human nature and society. In his plays, he often exposes the hypocrisy and moral bankruptcy that lurk beneath the facade of societal norms and ideals. Characters in Ibsen's works are frequently portrayed as struggling with conflicting desires, societal expectations, and the harsh realities of life, leading to a deep sense of disillusionment with the concept of ideals.

One of Ibsen's most famous works, "An Enemy of the People," exemplifies his critical stance towards ideals. The play revolves around Dr. Stockmann, who discovers that the water in the town's public baths is contaminated. Despite his efforts to expose the truth and protect the public's health, he is met with resistance, manipulation, and betrayal from the townspeople and authorities. The play delves into the themes of truth, integrity, and the conflict between individual conscience and societal norms, ultimately challenging the idealistic belief in the inherent goodness of human nature.

Ibsen's quote also reflects a broader cultural and philosophical critique of idealism. In the late 19th century, when Ibsen was writing, Europe was undergoing significant social and intellectual upheaval. The optimism of the Enlightenment and the Romantic era was giving way to a more critical and disillusioned view of human nature and society. The rapid industrialization, urbanization, and political upheavals of the time led many thinkers to question the lofty ideals of progress, reason, and human perfectibility.

Moreover, Ibsen's skepticism towards ideals can be seen as a precursor to the existentialist philosophy that emerged in the 20th century. Existentialist thinkers such as Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus also grappled with the disillusionment and absurdity of human existence, questioning the validity of traditional ideals and moral frameworks in a world marked by uncertainty and ambiguity.

In conclusion, Henrik Ibsen's quote "Do not use that foreign word 'ideals.' We have that excellent native word 'lies.'" encapsulates his profound skepticism towards the concept of ideals and his belief in the prevalence of deceit and falsehood in human society. Through his works and cultural context, Ibsen challenges the optimistic and idealistic views of human nature and society, offering a critical and thought-provoking perspective on the complexities of human existence.