Meaning: The quote by Florence Kelley, an American social and political reformer, highlights the detrimental effects of allowing a group of workers to be followed closely by another group at a lower level. Kelley was known for her tireless efforts in advocating for the rights of workers, particularly women and children, and her words reflect her deep understanding of the challenges faced by laborers in maintaining fair wages and working conditions.

Kelley's quote speaks to the concept of economic competition and the impact it has on the ability of workers to secure and maintain reasonable rates of wages. The metaphor of "forever hanging from the fringes of its skirts" paints a vivid picture of the burden that is placed on a group of workers when there are others constantly vying for positions just below them. This imagery suggests a sense of precariousness and instability, as if the workers at the higher level are constantly under threat of being pulled down by the weight of those below them.

The notion of "continual pressure downward" evokes the idea of a constant force acting against the upward mobility and progress of the workers. This pressure can manifest in various forms, such as increased competition for jobs, downward pressure on wages, or the erosion of labor rights and protections. Kelley is pointing out that when there are other bodies of workers just below, it creates an additional difficulty in the struggle to maintain reasonable wages. This is a significant concern, as fair compensation is essential for the well-being and dignity of workers and their families.

Kelley's quote also underscores the broader issue of inequality and the challenges faced by marginalized groups in the labor market. The presence of a secondary group of workers at a lower level perpetuates a system of stratification and reinforces the disparities between different segments of the workforce. This dynamic not only affects the immediate economic well-being of the workers but also has far-reaching implications for social justice and equity.

In the context of labor rights and social reform, Kelley's quote serves as a call to action to address the underlying structures that perpetuate economic inequality and hinder the advancement of workers. It highlights the need for policies and practices that promote fair competition, protect workers' rights, and ensure that all individuals have the opportunity to earn a living wage and improve their standard of living.

Overall, Kelley's quote encapsulates the complex and multifaceted challenges faced by workers in maintaining reasonable wages and the importance of addressing the systemic barriers that perpetuate economic inequality. It serves as a poignant reminder of the ongoing struggle for labor rights and the need for concerted efforts to create a more just and equitable society.

In conclusion, Florence Kelley's quote powerfully captures the detrimental impact of having other bodies of workers constantly vying for positions just below a primary group. It sheds light on the systemic pressures and challenges faced by workers in maintaining reasonable wages and the broader implications for economic inequality and social justice. Kelley's words resonate strongly in the context of labor rights and social reform, serving as a compelling call to address the underlying structures that perpetuate inequality and hinder the advancement of workers.