Meaning: The quote is attributed to Black Kettle, a prominent leader of the Southern Cheyenne tribe during the mid-19th century. Black Kettle's words reflect a profound sense of disillusionment and betrayal in the aftermath of the Sand Creek Massacre, an event that had a devastating impact on his people and their relationship with the white settlers and the United States government.

Black Kettle was known for his efforts to maintain peaceful relations with the white settlers and the government. He believed in the possibility of coexistence and cooperation between his people and the newcomers to the land. However, the events at Sand Creek shattered his trust and faith in the promises of the white man.

The Sand Creek Massacre took place on November 29, 1864, when a Colorado militia led by Colonel John Chivington attacked a Cheyenne and Arapaho encampment, which was flying an American flag and a white flag of truce. The attack resulted in the deaths of around 200 Cheyenne and Arapaho, the majority of whom were women, children, and the elderly.

Black Kettle and his people had been assured of their safety and protection by the U.S. government, and they had willingly relocated to a designated "peace camp" along Sand Creek in compliance with the government's instructions. However, the massacre at Sand Creek demonstrated the brutal betrayal of this trust and the violation of their rights by the very authorities they had sought to befriend and trust.

The aftermath of the massacre left Black Kettle and his people devastated, with their lodges destroyed, their horses stolen, and their resources plundered. The once hopeful and trusting leader was left disillusioned and embittered by the horrific events that had transpired. His words convey the deep sense of betrayal and loss that he and his people experienced, as well as the profound impact it had on their perception of the white man.

Black Kettle's quote serves as a poignant reminder of the tragic consequences of broken promises and the devastating effects of betrayal on the relationships between indigenous peoples and the settlers and governments that encroached upon their lands. It reflects the profound disillusionment and loss of faith that resulted from the brutal violence and treachery inflicted upon the Cheyenne and Arapaho at Sand Creek.

The legacy of Black Kettle and the Sand Creek Massacre continues to resonate in the history of Native American and U.S. relations. It stands as a powerful symbol of the enduring injustices and the enduring resilience of indigenous peoples in the face of betrayal and oppression. It serves as a reminder of the importance of acknowledging and addressing the painful history of broken promises and violence that has shaped the experiences of Native American communities.