Meaning: The quote by Jonathan Kozol reflects on the progress made in the United States in the decades following the landmark Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education. The decision, delivered in 1954, declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. This ruling marked a pivotal moment in the civil rights movement, as it challenged the long-standing system of racial segregation in schools and paved the way for increased integration.

Kozol's assertion that "during the decades after Brown v. Board of Education there was terrific progress" acknowledges the significant strides that were made in the integration of public schools. Prior to the ruling, many black students were forced to attend inferior, segregated schools, perpetuating inequality and hindering their educational opportunities. However, in the years following the decision, efforts were made to desegregate schools, leading to the integration of tens of thousands of public schools across the country.

The quote also highlights the positive impact of this integration on academic achievement, particularly in narrowing the gap between black and white students. Kozol references the narrowing of the achievement gap as evidence of the positive outcomes resulting from increased racial integration in schools. This is a significant observation, as it underscores the importance of educational equity and access to quality education for all students, regardless of their race or background.

It is important to note that the progress described by Kozol was not without challenges and resistance. Despite the legal mandate for desegregation, many communities faced significant opposition to integration, leading to contentious battles and ongoing disparities in educational opportunities. Additionally, while some progress was made in narrowing the achievement gap, persistent systemic inequalities continued to impact students from marginalized communities.

Jonathan Kozol, the author of the quote, is a renowned writer and activist known for his work on educational inequality and social justice issues. His books, including "Savage Inequalities" and "Death at an Early Age," have shed light on the disparities in the American education system and have sparked important conversations about the need for reform and equity.

In conclusion, Jonathan Kozol's quote serves as a reminder of the progress that was achieved in the aftermath of the Brown v. Board of Education decision. It acknowledges the strides made in integrating public schools and the positive impact of this integration on narrowing the achievement gap between black and white students. However, it also prompts reflection on the ongoing challenges and disparities that persist in the education system, highlighting the continued need for equity and justice in education.