Meaning: The quote by Elihu Root, a prominent lawyer and statesman, addresses the dichotomy between war and peace as natural human tendencies. In essence, Root suggests that war is a primal instinct inherent in human nature, particularly in a state of savagery, while peace is a more cultivated and learned behavior. This perspective invites reflection on the nature of human conflict and the potential for societal evolution towards a more peaceful coexistence.

Root's assertion that war is the "natural reaction of human nature in the savage state" harkens back to the idea of a state of nature, a concept often explored in political philosophy. In this context, the "savage state" refers to a hypothetical condition in which human beings exist without the constraints of civilization or societal norms. Root's characterization of war as a natural reaction in this state aligns with the long-standing debate about human nature and the potential for inherent aggression or conflict.

Furthermore, Root's statement that peace is "the result of acquired characteristics" suggests that peaceful behavior is not innate, but rather developed through learning and cultural influences. This viewpoint resonates with the idea that peace is a learned behavior, cultivated through socialization, education, and the establishment of norms and institutions that promote peaceful coexistence. It implies that peace is not a default state but rather a conscious and intentional endeavor.

Elihu Root's background as a lawyer and statesman provides valuable context for understanding his perspective on war and peace. Root served as the Secretary of War under President William McKinley and later as Secretary of State under President Theodore Roosevelt. His extensive experience in government and diplomacy likely informed his views on the fundamental nature of conflict and the potential for peaceful resolution.

In the realm of international relations and diplomacy, Root's quote prompts consideration of the factors that contribute to the prevalence of war and the challenges of promoting lasting peace. It raises questions about the role of diplomacy, law, and international cooperation in mitigating the natural inclination toward conflict and fostering a more peaceful world order.

From a historical standpoint, Root's quote can be situated within the context of the early 20th century, a time marked by significant global conflicts and the emergence of efforts to establish international mechanisms for peace, such as the establishment of the League of Nations. Root's perspective may have been influenced by the prevailing geopolitical dynamics of his era, underscoring the relevance of his insights to the broader discourse on war and peace.

In conclusion, Elihu Root's quote offers a thought-provoking commentary on the inherent tension between war and peace in human society. His juxtaposition of war as a natural reaction in a savage state and peace as an acquired characteristic invites contemplation on the nature of conflict, the potential for societal evolution, and the role of diplomacy and international cooperation in fostering lasting peace. Root's background as a lawyer and statesman lends credibility to his insights, and his perspective remains relevant for ongoing discussions about the dynamics of war and the pursuit of peace.