Meaning: The quote "It is in war that the State really comes into its own: swelling in power, in number, in pride, in absolute dominion over the economy and the society" by Murray Rothbard, an economist and political theorist, encapsulates the idea that during times of war, the power and control of the state grow significantly. Rothbard's statement suggests that war acts as a catalyst for the expansion of the state's authority, influence, and control over various aspects of society and the economy.

During times of war, governments often assume broader powers and authority to mobilize resources, implement policies, and make decisions that would typically be subject to more scrutiny during peacetime. The state's capacity to raise and allocate funds, regulate industries, and direct the economy becomes more pronounced during war, as the urgency of the conflict often leads to the consolidation of power in the hands of the government.

Rothbard's reference to the state "swelling in power" alludes to the heightened authority and discretion that governments exercise during war. This expansion of power can manifest in various ways, such as increased surveillance, censorship, and the suspension of certain civil liberties in the name of national security. Additionally, the state may also assert its authority through the expansion of military forces, the imposition of conscription, and the centralization of decision-making processes.

The phrase "swelling in number" highlights the growth of the state apparatus during wartime. This can include the expansion of government agencies, the hiring of additional personnel to manage wartime initiatives, and the creation of new bureaucratic structures to oversee defense, production, and distribution efforts. The increase in the state's manpower and administrative capacity reflects its efforts to assert control and manage the complexities of wartime governance.

Furthermore, Rothbard's mention of the state "swelling in pride" underscores the psychological and ideological dimensions of wartime state power. During periods of conflict, governments often seek to cultivate a sense of national unity, pride, and loyalty to rally support for the war effort. This can involve the promotion of nationalistic narratives, the glorification of military actions, and the cultivation of a collective identity centered around the state and its leadership. The state's pride in its wartime endeavors can serve to bolster its legitimacy and authority, as well as to foster a sense of purpose and determination among the populace.

The notion of the state achieving "absolute dominion over the economy and the society" encapsulates the far-reaching impact of war on the governance and functioning of a nation. In times of war, the state often assumes a dominant role in directing economic activities, resource allocation, and industrial production to meet the demands of the conflict. This can involve the implementation of wartime economies, central planning, and the prioritization of defense-related industries, often at the expense of civilian needs and priorities. Additionally, the state's influence extends to societal norms, behaviors, and attitudes, as wartime propaganda, censorship, and social engineering efforts shape public opinion and behavior in support of the war.

In conclusion, Murray Rothbard's quote succinctly captures the transformative effects of war on the state, emphasizing its expansion of power, influence, and control over the economy and society. By understanding the dynamics outlined in the quote, one can gain insights into the complexities of state power and its evolution during times of conflict.