Meaning: The quote "That Rome was comparatively great and wealthy is certain" by Goldwin Smith, a historian, touches upon the grandeur and affluence of the ancient city of Rome. In order to fully comprehend the significance of this quote, it is essential to delve into the historical context of Rome and understand the factors that contributed to its greatness and wealth.

Rome, as the capital of the Roman Empire, was an epitome of power and prosperity in the ancient world. Its rise to prominence can be attributed to a myriad of reasons, including its strategic geographical location, military prowess, political organization, and economic prosperity. The city's expansion and conquests allowed it to amass significant wealth and resources, which in turn contributed to its overall greatness.

Geographically, Rome was strategically positioned in the Italian peninsula, providing it with easy access to trade routes and fertile lands for agriculture. This facilitated the city's economic growth and allowed it to become a hub for commerce and trade in the Mediterranean region. Additionally, Rome's location also played a crucial role in its military conquests, as it was able to expand its influence and control over vast territories.

The military might of Rome was another vital factor in its greatness and wealth. The Roman legions were renowned for their discipline, organization, and effectiveness in warfare. Through a series of conquests and military campaigns, Rome was able to subdue and assimilate neighboring territories, thereby expanding its dominion and amassing considerable wealth in the form of tribute, spoils of war, and resources from conquered lands.

Furthermore, Rome's political and administrative systems were instrumental in consolidating its power and wealth. The establishment of a republican form of government, followed by the transition to an imperial system, provided stability and continuity in governance. This allowed for efficient administration, tax collection, and resource management, all of which contributed to the accumulation of wealth and the maintenance of Rome's greatness.

In addition to its territorial conquests, Rome's economic prosperity was fueled by its advanced infrastructure, trade networks, and the exploitation of natural resources. The construction of roads, aqueducts, and other public works facilitated trade and communication, while the exploitation of mineral resources, such as gold, silver, and iron, bolstered the city's wealth and economic prowess.

Goldwin Smith's quote underscores the undeniable fact that Rome was indeed great and wealthy in comparison to other contemporary civilizations. Its influence, wealth, and cultural achievements left an indelible mark on history, shaping the development of Western civilization for centuries to come. The legacy of Rome's greatness and wealth continues to be studied and admired, serving as a testament to the enduring impact of this ancient empire on the world.

In conclusion, Goldwin Smith's quote encapsulates the essence of Rome's historical significance as a great and wealthy civilization. Through its strategic location, military conquests, political organization, and economic prosperity, Rome emerged as a powerhouse of the ancient world, leaving an indelible mark on human history. The quote serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of Rome and its unparalleled influence on subsequent civilizations.