Meaning: This quote by Thomas Aquinas, a prominent theologian and philosopher of the medieval period, provides a concise and profound definition of law. Aquinas was a key figure in the development of Christian theology and is known for his synthesis of Christian doctrine with Aristotelian philosophy. His views on law, morality, and governance have had a significant impact on Western thought and continue to be influential today.

In this quote, Aquinas defines law as an "ordinance of reason for the common good, made by him who has care of the community." This definition encapsulates several key elements of Aquinas's understanding of law, which are worth exploring in more detail.

First, Aquinas emphasizes the rational nature of law. By describing it as an "ordinance of reason," he highlights the idea that law is not arbitrary or capricious but is based on principles of reason and logic. This aligns with Aquinas's broader philosophical framework, which sought to reconcile faith and reason, and to demonstrate the rationality of Christian belief.

Second, the reference to the "common good" underscores Aquinas's belief that the purpose of law is to promote the well-being and flourishing of the community as a whole. For Aquinas, the common good was a central ethical principle, reflecting his belief that individuals are inherently social beings whose actions should be oriented towards the welfare of the broader society.

Finally, Aquinas attributes the making of law to "him who has care of the community." This points to the idea that legitimate authority is necessary for the creation and enforcement of law. In Aquinas's political thought, this authority ultimately derives from God, but it is exercised through human rulers who have a responsibility to govern in accordance with the principles of justice and the common good.

Aquinas's definition of law reflects his broader understanding of the relationship between law, morality, and governance. For Aquinas, law is not simply a set of rules imposed by those in power, but rather a reflection of the eternal moral order established by God. Human laws, in Aquinas's view, derive their authority from and should be consistent with this higher moral law.

Furthermore, Aquinas's emphasis on the common good as the aim of law aligns with his broader ethical framework, which prioritizes the well-being of individuals and communities. In his influential work, the "Summa Theologica," Aquinas explores the concept of the common good in depth, arguing that it is the ultimate end of human society and the guiding principle for just governance.

In addition to his philosophical and theological contributions, Aquinas's views on law have had a lasting impact on legal and political thought. His ideas about the rationality of law, the importance of the common good, and the relationship between law and morality continue to inform debates about the nature and purpose of law in contemporary society.

In conclusion, Thomas Aquinas's definition of law as "an ordinance of reason for the common good, made by him who has care of the community" encapsulates his profound understanding of the nature and purpose of law. His emphasis on reason, the common good, and legitimate authority continues to be relevant and thought-provoking, providing valuable insights into the ethical and political dimensions of law. Aquinas's work remains a rich resource for anyone seeking to grapple with the complex issues surrounding law, morality, and governance.