Meaning: The quote "Upon the principles of reason, the good of many is preferable to the good of a few or of one; a lasting good is to be preferred before a temporary, the public before the private" by Mary Astell, a prominent writer and feminist philosopher, reflects her belief in the importance of prioritizing the collective well-being over individual interests. Mary Astell, who lived in the 17th century, is known for her significant contributions to the fields of philosophy, theology, and education, particularly in advocating for the rights and education of women.

In this quote, Astell emphasizes the significance of reason and rationality in making ethical decisions that benefit the greater number of people. She argues that it is morally preferable to pursue the good of many over the good of a few or of one. This assertion aligns with the utilitarian ethical framework, which posits that actions should be judged based on their ability to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Astell's assertion that "a lasting good is to be preferred before a temporary" underscores her belief in the enduring impact of decisions and actions. This principle suggests that prioritizing long-term, sustainable benefits for society should take precedence over short-term gains that may only benefit a select few. By emphasizing the importance of lasting good, Astell encourages individuals and policymakers to consider the enduring implications of their choices on the well-being of society as a whole.

Furthermore, Astell's statement "the public before the private" underscores her commitment to the welfare of the community over individual interests. This perspective aligns with the social contract theory, which posits that individuals consent to be governed by the state in exchange for protection and the promotion of the common good. Astell's emphasis on prioritizing the public good reflects her advocacy for a just and equitable society where collective well-being is upheld as a fundamental value.

Mary Astell's quote embodies her advocacy for social and moral principles that prioritize the greater good and the well-being of society as a whole. Her ideas have had a lasting influence on philosophical and ethical discourse, particularly in discussions surrounding the role of reason, ethics, and the relationship between the individual and the community. By foregrounding the importance of reason, lasting good, and the public good, Astell's quote continues to inspire conversations about ethics, governance, and the responsibilities of individuals and institutions in promoting the common good.

In conclusion, Mary Astell's quote serves as a compelling reminder of the ethical imperative to prioritize the good of the many, the pursuit of lasting benefits, and the advancement of the public good. Her ideas continue to resonate in contemporary discussions about ethics, governance, and societal well-being, underscoring the enduring relevance of her philosophical contributions. Astell's emphasis on reason and the greater good reflects her commitment to fostering a more just and equitable society where collective welfare is upheld as a paramount value.